2 thoughts on “wholesale real gemstone jewelry What are the Lantern Festival mascots?”
Eugene
jewelry tassels wholesale The fifteenth month of the lunar calendar is the Lantern Festival, also known as the Yuan Festival and Yuanxi Festival, referred to as the Lantern Festival, Yuan Ye, Yuanxi. The biggest folk activity of the Lantern Festival is to watch the lanterns. Night, thousands of lights are bright and lively. The Song people's "Jade Case • Yuan Xi" was painted with wonderful depictions of the Lantern Festival at that time: Dongfeng Ye Flower Thousands of Tree, even more blowing, stars like rain. BMW carved car. Feng Xiao sounded, the jade pot turned light, and the fish dragon dance overnight. The lamp of the Lantern Festival decorates the festive and joyful atmosphere of festivals, and entrusts people to pray for the New Year's Eve and Najib's wishes. The lantern has become the center of the Lantern Festival and auspicious symbol, which is closely related to the origin and formation of the Lantern Festival. Regarding the origin of the Lantern Festival, there are many resolutions since ancient times. Different statements have one thing in common, that is, the origin of the Lantern Festival is related to the formation of light customs. The representative statement is as follows: one of them, worship Taiyi God. According to the "Historical Records of the Book of Zen Zen": Emperor Hanwu adopted the invitation of Fangtu's false taboo, set up altars to worship too. "Taiyi", also known as "Thai -ichi", "Taiyi", and "Thai Yi", is the most noble god in the gods of heaven, with status above the five emperors. The god of Taiyi was assisted by the Five Emperors. In the ancient emperor, he sacrificed the Taiyi God once a year in the spring and autumn. "Historical Records • Heavenly Guan Shu" Zhang Shoujie's justice: "Thailand, the alias of the heavenly emperor. Liu Bozhuang Yun: Thailand, the most noble of the god of heaven." Taishen has become the respect of the gods of worship during the Warring States Period. "Nine Songs • East Emperor Taiyi" Note: "Taiyi, star name, the gods of heaven, the ancestral temple in Chudong, with the Emperor Emperor, so the Emperor of the East." The ancestral temple is located in Chu Dong, with East Emperor, so it is also known as the East Emperor. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs • Donghuang Taiyi" said: "Mu will be happy to the emperor." The emperor is God, that is, the Emperor Taiyi. "Taiping Royal Lan" Volume two quoted "The Five Classics": "The Emperor of the Emperor is also said to be Taiyi." It can be seen that the Taiyi God is the emperor of heaven, so the classics are called "the god of heaven" and "the god of heaven". Han Chengchu's custom, sacrificing too gods in the first month, is also because of the lofty status of God. "Historical Records • Le Shu" said: "The Han family often uses the Temple of Xin Temple on the first month of the first month, and the night temple is fainted." Family worshiping is one of the ancestral temples, and today people look at the sun in the first moon, and watch the lights at night. It is his legacy. "Emperor Hanwu sacrificed the gods all night, the lights were bright, and the later parties were made into vulgar. custom. The Song Dynasty Zhu Xi's "Qu Yan's Old News" also said: "Shang Yuan Zhang Lan, from the Tang Dynasty, followed the story of the Emperor Hanwu Emperor's Temple to the Ming Dynasty." The Western Han Dynasty worshiping the heavenly gods was limited to the court, and the holiday customs that have not yet formed. Of course, worshiping the gods with lights at night is indeed related to the Lantern Festival, but the night worship of heaven does not start with Emperor Hanwu. The second, the lighting watch Buddha said. During the Eastern Han Yongping (58-75), Emperor Ming Emperor promoted Buddhism in Shangyuan Ye in the court and the temple "Burning Light Watch the Buddha" in the court and the temple. The Song Dynasty Gao Cheng's "Ji Yuan Yuan" said: "The Western Regions were in the sun in December, and the great gods were called the great gods, so Hanming made the lantern watches Buddha." In the Tang Dynasty, the influence of Taoist True Trinity was formed for the Lantern Festival. Taoism's ternary refers to the Shangyuan Tianguan, Zhongyuan Earth Officer, and Xiayuan Water Palace. The three officials are from the three natural gods: the original worship of the three natural gods of heaven, earth, and water, and later became a god. Taoism arranged a birthday for the three officials, and three types of Taoist festivals were formed. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the birthday of Shangyuan Tianguan is the next Yuan Festival; July 15th is the birthday of the Zhongyuan Land official, the Zhongyuan Festival, and October 15th is the birthday of Xiayuan Water Officials. It is the next Yuan Festival. Every three quarters of Taoism, sacrifice activities must be held. The sacrifice activities of the Shangyuan Festival nights become the Lantern Festival. Liu Yan of the Ming Dynasty said: "The beginning of the three night lamps of Shangyuan also flourished. Xuanzong's front and after the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month, Jinwu relaxed, opened the market light, and forever." The earliest source of the Lantern Festival, but also reasonable, reflects the different stages of the Lantern Festival in different stages in the process of formation, indicating that the Lantern Festival is gradually compounded by a variety of cultural factors and customs. Therefore, the three theory can be used as a material for our inspection of the formation process of the Lantern Festival, but it cannot be the basis for tracing the initial origin of the Lantern Festival. In fact, the era of the Lantern Festival was much earlier than the era that referred to. The birth of the Lantern Festival can be traced back to the ceremonies of the pre -Qin Festival, and the lantern custom of the Lantern Festival has evolved from the ceremony of sacrifice. The concept of God has appeared during the Neolithic period, but the clear record of the ceremony of sacrifice heaven is not before the Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Li • Spring Palace • Grand Bo" said: "To sacrifice Haotian God, to sacrifice the sun, the moon, and the stars with real firewood." "Together and three hopes", three times, the three lights of the day, month, and star. Sun, moon, and stars have been included in the category of Zhou Rennian and become idols of heaven or heaven. Zhou people worship the sky and uses "sacrifice" or "real firewood". Both "sacrifice" and "real firewood" are worship. The sacrifice was burned by firewood to sacrifice the sky, and the firewood smoke rose into the sky when burning was accepted by the emperor. "Book of Rites • Biography" said: "Chai Yu God." "Said the Words" said: "Chai, burning firewood to sacrifice the sky." The fire of the firewood is particularly dazzling and mysterious at night, so there is a ceremony to burn the firewood at night. The court in the Zhou Renyu was a ritual of burning fire at night. "Zhou Li · Qiu Guan • Si Heng's" said: "The major events of Vanbang are burning the candle court." "The crowd is the bright." In the court of sacrifice, there were still relics in later generations. The Ming Dynasty Gao Qian's "Four Awards Repentance" said: "New Year's Eve, only the residents of the Hangzhou City residents, the households of the house, the fire and the candle, the Lao drumming gold, the fire to the fire, the pine pot." Said: New Year's Eve "In the night with pine and cypress branches, it is said to burn the pine pot, and the old age." The formal form of the court also shows that the court of Zhou Dynasty was at night. The heavenly sacrifice ceremony, especially the heavenly sacrifice ceremony, contains the basic factors formed by the Lantern Festival later. It can be said that the Lantern Festival has gradually evolved from the heavenly sacrifice. Therefore, the heavenly festival can be regarded as the earliest source of the Lantern Festival, and the pre -Qin period can be regarded as the budding period of the Lantern Festival. In the Western Han Dynasty, the pre -Qin Lingtian festival ceremony (mainly referring to the court) developed into a ritual of the candle sacrifice in the palace in the first month of the month. The relationship between the Western Han Dynasty Candle Candle and the pre -Qin Sky Festival was obvious. Taiyi is the god of the Qin Dynasty, and the previous article has explained it. In fact, Taiyi is just the concept of people's theory of yin and yang. Taiyi is the reputation of the Arctic Star. "Historical Records • Tianguan Book" said: "In the middle of the palace Tianjie, the one is one of the one, and the Taiyi often lives." "Xing Jing" also said: "Tai Yixing is half south of heaven, heavenly god, the Lord Sixteen Gods . "Taoism is the god of the gods, and it is consistent with the practice of sacrificing the sky, the moon, and the star in the pre -Qin Dynasty. Chinese gods are often confused with each other with the sun, moon, and star gods, so it is difficult to separate, so they often sacrifice together. In addition, in addition to the consistent sacrifice targets, the worship of the Western Han Dynasty also has a relationship with the pre -Qin Dynasty's sacrifice law. The pre -Qin Zhou Dynasty court sacrificed the fire to the fire, and the Western Han Dynasty switched to the lights as a sacrifice. The nature did not change, but it was more convenient and durable. However, it should also be seen that due to the lighting of the sacrifice overnight, the festival factors of viewing, entertainment, and celebration are quietly breeded. "Historical Records • Le Shu" said: "The Han family often uses the Temple of Xin Temple on the first month of the moon, and the night temple is fainted. It is often on the night. There are often meteors on the temple altar. "On the night of sacrifice, meteors and lights are reflected. The Western Han Festival is too god, and it has the prototype of the Lantern Festival. However, after all, the sacrifice activities are different from the holiday activities. The Western Han Dynasty can only be the growth period formed by the Lantern Festival. The interesting thing is that the ceremony of the Western Han Festival Taiyi God has been reserved in some regions after the Lantern Festival. Sacrifice is also known as Shunxing, which is mainly popular in Beijing. Pan Rong, Pan Rong of the Qing Dynasty, "The Emperor's Ji Sheng Sheng" said: "The first day of the first month was passed as the lower bound of the stars, and the lights were sacrificed. The number of the star lanterns in the box. In the first place, the fragrant, Chen Tang dots, and the sacrifice of the sacrifice. Shuyunma, sacrifice for the altar, is accustomed to it. " The sacrifice star in the old Beijing retains the ceremony of the Western Han Festival Taiyi. The consistency of the two is not only reflected in the lamp ceremony, but also on the object. As mentioned earlier, Taiyi refers to the star name, and the sacrifice itself has the meaning of sacrifice star. Therefore, the star of the festival of the old Beijing, as the prototype of the Western Han Festival Taiyi activity, can also show that the Western Han Festival Taiyi basically belongs to the category of religion and cannot be attributed to the genus of the festival. The Eastern Han Dynasty, due to Buddhist heirs, the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month of the lamp was arranged. Gao Cheng's "Ji Yuan Yuan" said: "The Western Region December 30 was the sun in the sun, and the great god of the divine change, so the Hanming lit the lantern watches and the Buddha." The ceremony of Buddhism, with the introduction of Buddhism into China, was advocated by Emperor Hanming to promote Buddhism. The "Burning Light Watch Buddha" is combined with the original sacrifice Taiyi custom, injecting new connotations and vitality into the fifteenth day of the first month. At the same time, after the introduction of Buddhism into China in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was quickly spread to the majority of areas, which played a role in helping the formation of the Lantern Festival. This is because once foreign culture is coupled with local culture, it will inevitably form a fashion of an era. It can be said that since the Eastern Han Dynasty, the etiquette of the court's lantern worshiping God has spread to the people, and it has gradually become a custom of nationality. As a result, the Eastern Han Dynasty can be regarded as a period when the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival tends to form. In the Tang Dynasty, after Taoism became the national religion, it replaced the "three yuan" formed in Wei and Jin, replacing the "Burning Light Watch Buddha", and made Taoism -like explanations for the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month. The main content of Taoism Sanyuan is: the 15th day of the first month, the birthday of the official official, and the day of the blessing of the heavenly official. It is also the day of the governor's forgiveness, the Central Yuan Festival; October 15th, the birthday of the water official, and the day of the water official to solve it, the next Yuan Festival. Starting from the Tang Dynasty, the fifteenth day of the first month was called "Shangyuan Festival". The fifteenth day of the Taoist Lantern Festival sacrifice the ceremony of the Shangyuan Tianguan, and the tradition of inheriting the pre -Qin to the Western Han Dynasty has a deep source of local cultural origin. At the same time, the blessing of the Tianguan's blessings can also meet the preferences of the Chinese people's auspicious blessing activities, and it will soon recognize the Chinese people. The Lantern Festival is finally mature in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty had a strict system of curfew, but within a few days before and after the Lantern Festival, the franchise was "prohibited", and the lights were set up overnight. "Taiping Royal Lan" quoted the Tang Dynasty Wei Shu's "The New Ji of the Two Beijings": "On the fifteenth day of the month, the golden meter was shown to watch the lights every day before and after the ban." "Yongluo Lingyi Little Record" said: "The 15th day of the first month of the Tang Dynasty, ... the lights are as bright as day, the mountains are 100 feet high, and after the dragon, after the dragon, the scholarship will be the night,夜 "Fifteen Night Lights of the first month": "Thousands of door lock the 10,000 lights, and the emperor Jing moved in the middle of the first month." After the Tang Dynasty, the Lantern Festival was prevailing, and it was still popular. In look at the formation of the Lantern Festival, it can be seen that the Lantern Festival is the product of the sacrifice god. The lantern candles that developed from the firewood that were burned by the pre -Qin Festival to the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty worshiping the Buddha, and the Tang Dynasty worshiping the heavenly officials always contained the god of God. Therefore, the deep cultural connotation of the Lantern Festival lanterns is to pray for the wind and rain, the grains, and the best. The lanterns are the most festive mascots in Chinese festivals. Let's introduce them below. The one, the Lantern Festival lanterns symbolize the wind and rain and the grain. The flower lantern has a lot of auspicious words, such as the fifteenth month of the first month, "Hubei Huangpi, the villages have lantern festivals, the book on the teeth, the style of the wind and rain, the" Guotai Minan ', the Five Wind and Ten Rain "and' Thousands of Red Red ''. Gongs and drums, dragon lanterns, etc. ". The decoration and production of the lanterns also existing the auspicious significance of Nianfeng. For example, the animal and plant lanterns pierced by Shengfang Town, Ba County, Hebei, are fish, shrimp, crab, lotus, lotus, dragon, phoenix, etc., which entrust people to pray for a new year's bumper and rich wishes. Many places also associate the lanterns of praying to the sacrifice to the sacrifice of the sacrifice, expressing people's hopes for rich years. In the three years of the Republic of China, "Heshun County" said: "On the 15th, the" Shangyuan Festival ". Lane Lane Establishing Society. The steamed cakes are inserted into the valley for God, and the lights are opened for three nights to pray for the year." In the 18th year of the Republic of China, " "Liaozhou Zhi" said: "The Lantern Festival", the first light of Lixiang Gate, the village Duoli Society, ordering Jiutu Lantern. Steaming cake, inserting valley ears for God, praying to the meaning of boarding. " The local countryside, in the midnight night, also retains the form of degenerative relics of the etiquette of the first Qin fire sacrifice to pray for the year, highlighting the auspicious significance of the Lantern Festival lights. Jiangsu Nantong has the custom of burning fire on the fifteenth day of the first month, that is, the year of sacrifice fields to pray for the year, and it is degenerated by fire sacrifices. "On the night of the moon, hold the cypress branch in the hand with grass, ignite one end, dance, and sing loudly." Most of the songs are the words of the New Year. "The above is the custom of Nantong Farmhouse, named Fangfu, and this move is also hoped at the first month." "On the first day of the first day, the candle was burned at the gate, and the eaves were inserted into the pine cypress, and the crickets were burned on the street. It is said that the door is rushing. "Zhejiang and Jiangsu are called" burning fire "as" burning field silkworms ", and the burning fire sacrifice god has evolved into witchcraft that was removed from pests. "In the evening of the Lantern Festival, the farmers brought the torch to the rice fields. Pray for the fertile land in the coming year and the crops are good." It also turned into the New Year's Eve activities of pests and beasts that dispel damage to crops by fire, but it still implies the factors of the primary sacrifice prayer. Therefore, in many places, the fire customs of the cultural factors of the original sacrifice prayer and the years of the cultural factors and the evolution of the year of the sacrifice prayer are coexisting at the same time, and jointly express the theme of the Lantern Festival lighting. The second, the Lantern Festival lanterns symbolize the reproduction of the son and the prosperous people. This meaning also has a root relationship with the sacrifice. With the fire sacrifice or other gods, it contains the meaning of praying. After the formation of the Lantern Festival, people contacted the Lantern Festival lanterns with the raw men according to the relationship between the same department and the same part of the "Ding". In the dialects of southern Fujian and eastern Guangdong, "Ding" and "Lantern" are homophonic, while people in the two places believe that the lanterns have the auspicious significance of Zhaosheng men. Therefore, the Lantern Festival hanging lights, lighting, and women's watching lights have the meaning of praying for children, especially having a boy. "China National Customs" next volume 3 said: "Jiangsu (Huai'an) Old Calendar Lantern Festival, before February 2nd, there are so -called senders. To. Gai Fan has no children, and has been married for many years without fertility. Said: "Dongguan, Guangdong has the" Lantern Birthday, go home to pick up the son ", that is, the birthday of the lamp head on the 13th of the first month. Every bride must go back to the husband's house and say that it is to go to the mother's house. People who have given birth to boys must order a paper lamp before the gods and ancestors this year; and within the second to thirteen of the first month of the first month, pick a auspicious day and hang a large octagonal in the middle of the ancestral temple and Shentang. Paper lamps, on both sides and gate, are paired on the lotus lanterns. "Wengyuan, Guangdong, will hold the 'celebration lamp'. The days are pre -selected and held in the thirteenth or fourteen. On this day, everyone who gave birth to a son last year would have to prepare the lantern. ... A oil lamp in the middle of the paper lamp, hang it on the beam of the ancestral temple with a red rope, and knock on the gongs and drums at the same time, and put firecrackers, which means that the ‘lamp’ is getting more troubled and ‘Ding’ is stronger. In addition, you have to buy a lot of lights. One is called "Drum Lantern" and must be given to the temple; the other is called ‘lotus lamp’ and must be given to the Guanyin shed. On this day, everyone should eat and drink, and the banquet is prepared by the family or the ancestral temple. When you start toast, everyone should say auspicious words: ‘Congratulations, more expensive! Taming! Taming! "" The Lantern Festival throughout the Lantern Festival in Taiwan is also quite lively. In addition to ‘Dragon’ and ‘Lions’, there are also vulgar behaviors of ‘Guan Lansho’. On that night, women went to worship ‘Note Mother’, Zhu Shenglin. There is a saying: ‘You’ s foot lamp, raw throwing; ‘So they hanged the lights under their own roof, and they mentioned the lights under the hanging lamp again, saying that they can give birth to a boy this year. "On the fifteenth day of the first month, there is the custom of the so -called" bride's ancestral hall "in Chaoshan. Anyone who is a newly married bride in the township is to watch the lights in the ancestral temple late. ... Inside the ancestral temple, the lights are brilliant. When the bride came to the ancestral hall, the bridesmaid was ignited by Sanxiang, let the bride worship the ancestors, and pray for the next year. After worshiping the ancestors, the bridesmaids and brides around the hall for a week, watching the lights. "Because the Lantern Festival lanterns are a mascot of fertility, especially the signs of a male, they are used by newlyweds to give birth to boys and women." Quanzhou customs, the Lantern Festival mother must give the newlywed daughter and son -in -law a pair of lotus lanterns, Among them, one red and one white, hung on the newcomer bed, lights up at the night of the Lantern Festival, and after the two lights are extinguished, Bu Sheng male or nurturing a girl. " The three, the comprehensive auspicious connotation of the Lantern Festival lanterns. People not only pray to the lanterns and pray for the year, but also pray to them for a variety of auspicious things, such as wealth, longevity, health, promotion, etc. The auspicious significance is often diverse. The "rich and rich life test" lights that were popular in the old days contained a variety of auspicious meaning. The lights are divided into four sides, painted with Tianzhu, Lily, persimmon, ganoderma, and pine branches. Life is long, Pepsi, longevity, and children and grandchildren. There is another kind of "rich and rich child" lamp, which is mostly symbolized by peony patterns to symbolize the wealth and symbolizes multiple children. One for the ewe, the other two for the lamb. One lamb ate grass, and the other lamb knelt under the benches and sucks the milk. It symbolizes the return of spring to the earth, all things breed, and the "eight knots" are the lanterns of Quanzhou, Fujian: "The folk of the southern Fujian is a festive custom. It uses a red rope to form a back -shaped eight knots, symbolizing Jishen, and the eight -knot lantern imitates this shape. "
jewelry tassels wholesale The fifteenth month of the lunar calendar is the Lantern Festival, also known as the Yuan Festival and Yuanxi Festival, referred to as the Lantern Festival, Yuan Ye, Yuanxi. The biggest folk activity of the Lantern Festival is to watch the lanterns. Night, thousands of lights are bright and lively. The Song people's "Jade Case • Yuan Xi" was painted with wonderful depictions of the Lantern Festival at that time: Dongfeng Ye Flower Thousands of Tree, even more blowing, stars like rain. BMW carved car. Feng Xiao sounded, the jade pot turned light, and the fish dragon dance overnight. The lamp of the Lantern Festival decorates the festive and joyful atmosphere of festivals, and entrusts people to pray for the New Year's Eve and Najib's wishes. The lantern has become the center of the Lantern Festival and auspicious symbol, which is closely related to the origin and formation of the Lantern Festival. Regarding the origin of the Lantern Festival, there are many resolutions since ancient times. Different statements have one thing in common, that is, the origin of the Lantern Festival is related to the formation of light customs. The representative statement is as follows:
one of them, worship Taiyi God. According to the "Historical Records of the Book of Zen Zen": Emperor Hanwu adopted the invitation of Fangtu's false taboo, set up altars to worship too. "Taiyi", also known as "Thai -ichi", "Taiyi", and "Thai Yi", is the most noble god in the gods of heaven, with status above the five emperors. The god of Taiyi was assisted by the Five Emperors. In the ancient emperor, he sacrificed the Taiyi God once a year in the spring and autumn. "Historical Records • Heavenly Guan Shu" Zhang Shoujie's justice: "Thailand, the alias of the heavenly emperor. Liu Bozhuang Yun: Thailand, the most noble of the god of heaven." Taishen has become the respect of the gods of worship during the Warring States Period. "Nine Songs • East Emperor Taiyi" Note: "Taiyi, star name, the gods of heaven, the ancestral temple in Chudong, with the Emperor Emperor, so the Emperor of the East." The ancestral temple is located in Chu Dong, with East Emperor, so it is also known as the East Emperor. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs • Donghuang Taiyi" said: "Mu will be happy to the emperor." The emperor is God, that is, the Emperor Taiyi. "Taiping Royal Lan" Volume two quoted "The Five Classics": "The Emperor of the Emperor is also said to be Taiyi." It can be seen that the Taiyi God is the emperor of heaven, so the classics are called "the god of heaven" and "the god of heaven". Han Chengchu's custom, sacrificing too gods in the first month, is also because of the lofty status of God. "Historical Records • Le Shu" said: "The Han family often uses the Temple of Xin Temple on the first month of the first month, and the night temple is fainted." Family worshiping is one of the ancestral temples, and today people look at the sun in the first moon, and watch the lights at night. It is his legacy. "Emperor Hanwu sacrificed the gods all night, the lights were bright, and the later parties were made into vulgar. custom. The Song Dynasty Zhu Xi's "Qu Yan's Old News" also said: "Shang Yuan Zhang Lan, from the Tang Dynasty, followed the story of the Emperor Hanwu Emperor's Temple to the Ming Dynasty." The Western Han Dynasty worshiping the heavenly gods was limited to the court, and the holiday customs that have not yet formed. Of course, worshiping the gods with lights at night is indeed related to the Lantern Festival, but the night worship of heaven does not start with Emperor Hanwu.
The second, the lighting watch Buddha said. During the Eastern Han Yongping (58-75), Emperor Ming Emperor promoted Buddhism in Shangyuan Ye in the court and the temple "Burning Light Watch the Buddha" in the court and the temple. The Song Dynasty Gao Cheng's "Ji Yuan Yuan" said: "The Western Regions were in the sun in December, and the great gods were called the great gods, so Hanming made the lantern watches Buddha." In the Tang Dynasty, the influence of Taoist True Trinity was formed for the Lantern Festival. Taoism's ternary refers to the Shangyuan Tianguan, Zhongyuan Earth Officer, and Xiayuan Water Palace. The three officials are from the three natural gods: the original worship of the three natural gods of heaven, earth, and water, and later became a god. Taoism arranged a birthday for the three officials, and three types of Taoist festivals were formed. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the birthday of Shangyuan Tianguan is the next Yuan Festival; July 15th is the birthday of the Zhongyuan Land official, the Zhongyuan Festival, and October 15th is the birthday of Xiayuan Water Officials. It is the next Yuan Festival. Every three quarters of Taoism, sacrifice activities must be held. The sacrifice activities of the Shangyuan Festival nights become the Lantern Festival. Liu Yan of the Ming Dynasty said: "The beginning of the three night lamps of Shangyuan also flourished. Xuanzong's front and after the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month, Jinwu relaxed, opened the market light, and forever."
The earliest source of the Lantern Festival, but also reasonable, reflects the different stages of the Lantern Festival in different stages in the process of formation, indicating that the Lantern Festival is gradually compounded by a variety of cultural factors and customs. Therefore, the three theory can be used as a material for our inspection of the formation process of the Lantern Festival, but it cannot be the basis for tracing the initial origin of the Lantern Festival. In fact, the era of the Lantern Festival was much earlier than the era that referred to. The birth of the Lantern Festival can be traced back to the ceremonies of the pre -Qin Festival, and the lantern custom of the Lantern Festival has evolved from the ceremony of sacrifice. The concept of God has appeared during the Neolithic period, but the clear record of the ceremony of sacrifice heaven is not before the Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Li • Spring Palace • Grand Bo" said: "To sacrifice Haotian God, to sacrifice the sun, the moon, and the stars with real firewood." "Together and three hopes", three times, the three lights of the day, month, and star. Sun, moon, and stars have been included in the category of Zhou Rennian and become idols of heaven or heaven. Zhou people worship the sky and uses "sacrifice" or "real firewood". Both "sacrifice" and "real firewood" are worship. The sacrifice was burned by firewood to sacrifice the sky, and the firewood smoke rose into the sky when burning was accepted by the emperor. "Book of Rites • Biography" said: "Chai Yu God." "Said the Words" said: "Chai, burning firewood to sacrifice the sky." The fire of the firewood is particularly dazzling and mysterious at night, so there is a ceremony to burn the firewood at night. The court in the Zhou Renyu was a ritual of burning fire at night. "Zhou Li · Qiu Guan • Si Heng's" said: "The major events of Vanbang are burning the candle court." "The crowd is the bright." In the court of sacrifice, there were still relics in later generations. The Ming Dynasty Gao Qian's "Four Awards Repentance" said: "New Year's Eve, only the residents of the Hangzhou City residents, the households of the house, the fire and the candle, the Lao drumming gold, the fire to the fire, the pine pot." Said: New Year's Eve "In the night with pine and cypress branches, it is said to burn the pine pot, and the old age." The formal form of the court also shows that the court of Zhou Dynasty was at night. The heavenly sacrifice ceremony, especially the heavenly sacrifice ceremony, contains the basic factors formed by the Lantern Festival later. It can be said that the Lantern Festival has gradually evolved from the heavenly sacrifice. Therefore, the heavenly festival can be regarded as the earliest source of the Lantern Festival, and the pre -Qin period can be regarded as the budding period of the Lantern Festival.
In the Western Han Dynasty, the pre -Qin Lingtian festival ceremony (mainly referring to the court) developed into a ritual of the candle sacrifice in the palace in the first month of the month. The relationship between the Western Han Dynasty Candle Candle and the pre -Qin Sky Festival was obvious. Taiyi is the god of the Qin Dynasty, and the previous article has explained it. In fact, Taiyi is just the concept of people's theory of yin and yang. Taiyi is the reputation of the Arctic Star. "Historical Records • Tianguan Book" said: "In the middle of the palace Tianjie, the one is one of the one, and the Taiyi often lives." "Xing Jing" also said: "Tai Yixing is half south of heaven, heavenly god, the Lord Sixteen Gods . "Taoism is the god of the gods, and it is consistent with the practice of sacrificing the sky, the moon, and the star in the pre -Qin Dynasty. Chinese gods are often confused with each other with the sun, moon, and star gods, so it is difficult to separate, so they often sacrifice together. In addition, in addition to the consistent sacrifice targets, the worship of the Western Han Dynasty also has a relationship with the pre -Qin Dynasty's sacrifice law. The pre -Qin Zhou Dynasty court sacrificed the fire to the fire, and the Western Han Dynasty switched to the lights as a sacrifice. The nature did not change, but it was more convenient and durable. However, it should also be seen that due to the lighting of the sacrifice overnight, the festival factors of viewing, entertainment, and celebration are quietly breeded. "Historical Records • Le Shu" said: "The Han family often uses the Temple of Xin Temple on the first month of the moon, and the night temple is fainted. It is often on the night. There are often meteors on the temple altar. "On the night of sacrifice, meteors and lights are reflected. The Western Han Festival is too god, and it has the prototype of the Lantern Festival. However, after all, the sacrifice activities are different from the holiday activities. The Western Han Dynasty can only be the growth period formed by the Lantern Festival.
The interesting thing is that the ceremony of the Western Han Festival Taiyi God has been reserved in some regions after the Lantern Festival. Sacrifice is also known as Shunxing, which is mainly popular in Beijing. Pan Rong, Pan Rong of the Qing Dynasty, "The Emperor's Ji Sheng Sheng" said: "The first day of the first month was passed as the lower bound of the stars, and the lights were sacrificed. The number of the star lanterns in the box. In the first place, the fragrant, Chen Tang dots, and the sacrifice of the sacrifice. Shuyunma, sacrifice for the altar, is accustomed to it. " The sacrifice star in the old Beijing retains the ceremony of the Western Han Festival Taiyi. The consistency of the two is not only reflected in the lamp ceremony, but also on the object. As mentioned earlier, Taiyi refers to the star name, and the sacrifice itself has the meaning of sacrifice star. Therefore, the star of the festival of the old Beijing, as the prototype of the Western Han Festival Taiyi activity, can also show that the Western Han Festival Taiyi basically belongs to the category of religion and cannot be attributed to the genus of the festival.
The Eastern Han Dynasty, due to Buddhist heirs, the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month of the lamp was arranged. Gao Cheng's "Ji Yuan Yuan" said: "The Western Region December 30 was the sun in the sun, and the great god of the divine change, so the Hanming lit the lantern watches and the Buddha." The ceremony of Buddhism, with the introduction of Buddhism into China, was advocated by Emperor Hanming to promote Buddhism. The "Burning Light Watch Buddha" is combined with the original sacrifice Taiyi custom, injecting new connotations and vitality into the fifteenth day of the first month. At the same time, after the introduction of Buddhism into China in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was quickly spread to the majority of areas, which played a role in helping the formation of the Lantern Festival. This is because once foreign culture is coupled with local culture, it will inevitably form a fashion of an era. It can be said that since the Eastern Han Dynasty, the etiquette of the court's lantern worshiping God has spread to the people, and it has gradually become a custom of nationality. As a result, the Eastern Han Dynasty can be regarded as a period when the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival tends to form.
In the Tang Dynasty, after Taoism became the national religion, it replaced the "three yuan" formed in Wei and Jin, replacing the "Burning Light Watch Buddha", and made Taoism -like explanations for the fifteenth day of the first month of the first month. The main content of Taoism Sanyuan is: the 15th day of the first month, the birthday of the official official, and the day of the blessing of the heavenly official. It is also the day of the governor's forgiveness, the Central Yuan Festival; October 15th, the birthday of the water official, and the day of the water official to solve it, the next Yuan Festival. Starting from the Tang Dynasty, the fifteenth day of the first month was called "Shangyuan Festival". The fifteenth day of the Taoist Lantern Festival sacrifice the ceremony of the Shangyuan Tianguan, and the tradition of inheriting the pre -Qin to the Western Han Dynasty has a deep source of local cultural origin. At the same time, the blessing of the Tianguan's blessings can also meet the preferences of the Chinese people's auspicious blessing activities, and it will soon recognize the Chinese people. The Lantern Festival is finally mature in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty had a strict system of curfew, but within a few days before and after the Lantern Festival, the franchise was "prohibited", and the lights were set up overnight. "Taiping Royal Lan" quoted the Tang Dynasty Wei Shu's "The New Ji of the Two Beijings": "On the fifteenth day of the month, the golden meter was shown to watch the lights every day before and after the ban." "Yongluo Lingyi Little Record" said: "The 15th day of the first month of the Tang Dynasty, ... the lights are as bright as day, the mountains are 100 feet high, and after the dragon, after the dragon, the scholarship will be the night,夜 "Fifteen Night Lights of the first month": "Thousands of door lock the 10,000 lights, and the emperor Jing moved in the middle of the first month." After the Tang Dynasty, the Lantern Festival was prevailing, and it was still popular.
In look at the formation of the Lantern Festival, it can be seen that the Lantern Festival is the product of the sacrifice god. The lantern candles that developed from the firewood that were burned by the pre -Qin Festival to the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty worshiping the Buddha, and the Tang Dynasty worshiping the heavenly officials always contained the god of God. Therefore, the deep cultural connotation of the Lantern Festival lanterns is to pray for the wind and rain, the grains, and the best. The lanterns are the most festive mascots in Chinese festivals. Let's introduce them below.
The one, the Lantern Festival lanterns symbolize the wind and rain and the grain. The flower lantern has a lot of auspicious words, such as the fifteenth month of the first month, "Hubei Huangpi, the villages have lantern festivals, the book on the teeth, the style of the wind and rain, the" Guotai Minan ', the Five Wind and Ten Rain "and' Thousands of Red Red ''. Gongs and drums, dragon lanterns, etc. ". The decoration and production of the lanterns also existing the auspicious significance of Nianfeng. For example, the animal and plant lanterns pierced by Shengfang Town, Ba County, Hebei, are fish, shrimp, crab, lotus, lotus, dragon, phoenix, etc., which entrust people to pray for a new year's bumper and rich wishes. Many places also associate the lanterns of praying to the sacrifice to the sacrifice of the sacrifice, expressing people's hopes for rich years. In the three years of the Republic of China, "Heshun County" said: "On the 15th, the" Shangyuan Festival ". Lane Lane Establishing Society. The steamed cakes are inserted into the valley for God, and the lights are opened for three nights to pray for the year." In the 18th year of the Republic of China, " "Liaozhou Zhi" said: "The Lantern Festival", the first light of Lixiang Gate, the village Duoli Society, ordering Jiutu Lantern. Steaming cake, inserting valley ears for God, praying to the meaning of boarding. " The local countryside, in the midnight night, also retains the form of degenerative relics of the etiquette of the first Qin fire sacrifice to pray for the year, highlighting the auspicious significance of the Lantern Festival lights. Jiangsu Nantong has the custom of burning fire on the fifteenth day of the first month, that is, the year of sacrifice fields to pray for the year, and it is degenerated by fire sacrifices. "On the night of the moon, hold the cypress branch in the hand with grass, ignite one end, dance, and sing loudly." Most of the songs are the words of the New Year. "The above is the custom of Nantong Farmhouse, named Fangfu, and this move is also hoped at the first month." "On the first day of the first day, the candle was burned at the gate, and the eaves were inserted into the pine cypress, and the crickets were burned on the street. It is said that the door is rushing. "Zhejiang and Jiangsu are called" burning fire "as" burning field silkworms ", and the burning fire sacrifice god has evolved into witchcraft that was removed from pests. "In the evening of the Lantern Festival, the farmers brought the torch to the rice fields. Pray for the fertile land in the coming year and the crops are good." It also turned into the New Year's Eve activities of pests and beasts that dispel damage to crops by fire, but it still implies the factors of the primary sacrifice prayer. Therefore, in many places, the fire customs of the cultural factors of the original sacrifice prayer and the years of the cultural factors and the evolution of the year of the sacrifice prayer are coexisting at the same time, and jointly express the theme of the Lantern Festival lighting.
The second, the Lantern Festival lanterns symbolize the reproduction of the son and the prosperous people. This meaning also has a root relationship with the sacrifice. With the fire sacrifice or other gods, it contains the meaning of praying. After the formation of the Lantern Festival, people contacted the Lantern Festival lanterns with the raw men according to the relationship between the same department and the same part of the "Ding". In the dialects of southern Fujian and eastern Guangdong, "Ding" and "Lantern" are homophonic, while people in the two places believe that the lanterns have the auspicious significance of Zhaosheng men. Therefore, the Lantern Festival hanging lights, lighting, and women's watching lights have the meaning of praying for children, especially having a boy. "China National Customs" next volume 3 said: "Jiangsu (Huai'an) Old Calendar Lantern Festival, before February 2nd, there are so -called senders. To. Gai Fan has no children, and has been married for many years without fertility. Said: "Dongguan, Guangdong has the" Lantern Birthday, go home to pick up the son ", that is, the birthday of the lamp head on the 13th of the first month. Every bride must go back to the husband's house and say that it is to go to the mother's house. People who have given birth to boys must order a paper lamp before the gods and ancestors this year; and within the second to thirteen of the first month of the first month, pick a auspicious day and hang a large octagonal in the middle of the ancestral temple and Shentang. Paper lamps, on both sides and gate, are paired on the lotus lanterns. "Wengyuan, Guangdong, will hold the 'celebration lamp'. The days are pre -selected and held in the thirteenth or fourteen. On this day, everyone who gave birth to a son last year would have to prepare the lantern. ... A oil lamp in the middle of the paper lamp, hang it on the beam of the ancestral temple with a red rope, and knock on the gongs and drums at the same time, and put firecrackers, which means that the ‘lamp’ is getting more troubled and ‘Ding’ is stronger. In addition, you have to buy a lot of lights. One is called "Drum Lantern" and must be given to the temple; the other is called ‘lotus lamp’ and must be given to the Guanyin shed. On this day, everyone should eat and drink, and the banquet is prepared by the family or the ancestral temple. When you start toast, everyone should say auspicious words: ‘Congratulations, more expensive! Taming! Taming! "" The Lantern Festival throughout the Lantern Festival in Taiwan is also quite lively. In addition to ‘Dragon’ and ‘Lions’, there are also vulgar behaviors of ‘Guan Lansho’. On that night, women went to worship ‘Note Mother’, Zhu Shenglin. There is a saying: ‘You’ s foot lamp, raw throwing; ‘So they hanged the lights under their own roof, and they mentioned the lights under the hanging lamp again, saying that they can give birth to a boy this year. "On the fifteenth day of the first month, there is the custom of the so -called" bride's ancestral hall "in Chaoshan. Anyone who is a newly married bride in the township is to watch the lights in the ancestral temple late. ... Inside the ancestral temple, the lights are brilliant. When the bride came to the ancestral hall, the bridesmaid was ignited by Sanxiang, let the bride worship the ancestors, and pray for the next year. After worshiping the ancestors, the bridesmaids and brides around the hall for a week, watching the lights. "Because the Lantern Festival lanterns are a mascot of fertility, especially the signs of a male, they are used by newlyweds to give birth to boys and women." Quanzhou customs, the Lantern Festival mother must give the newlywed daughter and son -in -law a pair of lotus lanterns, Among them, one red and one white, hung on the newcomer bed, lights up at the night of the Lantern Festival, and after the two lights are extinguished, Bu Sheng male or nurturing a girl. "
The three, the comprehensive auspicious connotation of the Lantern Festival lanterns. People not only pray to the lanterns and pray for the year, but also pray to them for a variety of auspicious things, such as wealth, longevity, health, promotion, etc. The auspicious significance is often diverse. The "rich and rich life test" lights that were popular in the old days contained a variety of auspicious meaning. The lights are divided into four sides, painted with Tianzhu, Lily, persimmon, ganoderma, and pine branches. Life is long, Pepsi, longevity, and children and grandchildren. There is another kind of "rich and rich child" lamp, which is mostly symbolized by peony patterns to symbolize the wealth and symbolizes multiple children. One for the ewe, the other two for the lamb. One lamb ate grass, and the other lamb knelt under the benches and sucks the milk. It symbolizes the return of spring to the earth, all things breed, and the "eight knots" are the lanterns of Quanzhou, Fujian: "The folk of the southern Fujian is a festive custom. It uses a red rope to form a back -shaped eight knots, symbolizing Jishen, and the eight -knot lantern imitates this shape. "
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